Sash-fastener.



PATENTED FEB. 2l, 1905.

E. H. WARD. SASH FASTENER.

APPLICATION FILED IEB. 11, 1904..

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IINTTED STATES Patented February 21, 1905.

PATENT Fries.K

SASH-FASTENE R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. '783.338, dated February 21, 1905.

Application fllefi February l1, 1904. Serial No. 193,035. i

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK H. WARD, a citizen of the United States, residing in the borough of Brooklyn, in the city and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in .Sash Fasteners, of which the followingl is a specification.

My improvement pertains to that class much approved in which there are two parts, one secured on the upper edge of thelower sash and the other on the upper face of the lower rail of the upper sash. In my improved form, as in others, it it essential that the parts are adjusted so that they come together properly when the window is closed. It is common to apply them at the mid-width of the respective sashes. I will represent my parts as thus applied. rIhey may be secured by screws in the ordinary manner. I have discovered that by making the link with a just sufficiently curved form it can be just sufficiently elastic to yield and allow a toggle action to be carried a little past the center and still hold the sashes very firmly in the closed position and have carried out the invention to give a very simple and durable construction with the full combination of qualities required. The front portion, that fixed on the lower sash, carries a short lev`er, to which is jointed a link which when thrown over engages with a keeper on the other part, that fixed on the upper sash. I have devised a form and arrangement which causes the loop to engage under a portion of the keeper. The operation not only secures each sash against being moved, but also draws the two sashes tightly togetl'ier.

My improvement gives more than the usual security without involving complication or appreciable increase in thecost.

My fastener does not require any increased skill or labor to place and to operate it successfully. 1

In what I esteem the most complete development of the invention` there is additional security attained by providing an inwardly-extending arm on the link, which arm engages with the upper sash and contributes to not only secure the link against being surreptitiously displaced, but contributes an additional engaging means adding still more to the reliability. The loop cannot be displaced by any operation from the outside, having that important quality in common with the more complicated, expensive, and short-lived constructions before used or proposed. The parts are strong to resist force in any direction.

The following is a description of what I consider the best means of carrying out the invention.

The accompanying drawings form a part of this specification.

Figure I is a section through the joined portions of the sashes with my fastening device in elevation. This shows the device locked. Fig. 2 is a corresponding plan view. Fig. 3 is a section corresponding to Fig. 1, showing the loop in the act of being applied. Fig. 4C is a plan View corresponding to Fig. 2. Fig. 5 represents the blank for the lever in the condition which obtains before the ears are bent. Fig. 6 is a plan view corresponding to Fig. 2, showing a modification. Fig.'7 is a corresponding plan view showing a further modification. Fig. 8 shows a blank for a modification of the loop. The dotted lines show its condition after it has been bent in engaging it properly with the ears of the lever. Fig. 9 is 'a plan View showing a further modiiication. Fig. 10 is a planview corresponding to Fig. 2. showing a modification.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where they appear. Supernumerals, as A, indicate certain smaller subdivisions.

Referring' to Figs 1, Q, 3, and 4, A is the bottom rail of the upper sash, and B is the top vrail ofthe lower sash. On the rail A is screwed down thereon and provided each with a single smooth hole c. I will represent the loop as formed of hard Wire, using the letter M to designate the whole loop. IWI is an inwardlyextending tongue formed by a sharp bend of the wire. M2 IW indicate the portions of the IOO wire which extend to the right and left. M3 are curved portions extending' inward toward the fulcrum. M4 indicates arms extending toward each other at the pivotal ends ofthe loop. These arms serve as axesor pivots on which the loop can turn. They are retained by having their ends upset or headed. The end adjacent E2 is formed with trunnions which extend laterally therefrom, as indicated by E3E3. In assembling the parts these trunnions are received in the holes c in the ears C in the act of bending downward the metal to form the latter. l

The parts are easily made by hand or by simple machinery. The heading of .the ends of wires after being thrust through other parts, like my trunnions, involves -no difficulty with modern appliances. I attach importance to the curvature of the extending portions of the loop, because these parts by partially straightening under the strain supply the necessary elasticityto allow the movement of the lever E to carry the line of the centers E3 and M4 down past the horizontal line in completing the engagement and bringing it back again up past the horizontal line in which the tension is greatest in the lifting and unlocking movements of the lever.

The lever E is of stout sheet metal cut to form and bent nearly at right angles adjacent to the ears E. When the sash is fastened, the operating end of the lever linclines greatly downward. (See Fig. l.) The trunnions E3, made integral, are the fulcrum of the lever E.

The construction is specially simple and in being engaged carries the loop far outward on the upper sash with the lever E upright and in being operated draws the loop inward to effect efficient engagement-by swinging the lever E far below the level position. In brief, the loop M is an elastic bridge, giving all the yielding required in the manipulation and a reliable fastening when secured, even 'if the tongue M should be, from any chance, ineffective. The lever E is bent nearly at right angles adjacent to the ears E', so that when the sash is fastened the operating end of the lever extends downward. (See Fig. l.) IV e may term the trunnions E3 the fulcrum of the lever E. The arrangement allows the retaining-loop to be depressed so that the ends M* lie below the line of the trunnions. In tightening the fastening the movement goes beyond such line, thus holding the loop forward in place by its own tension, The construction attains complete securing/without requiring any'catch or other additional parts to maintain the fastened condition.

Modifications may be made without departing from the principle or sacriiicingthe advantages of the invention. Instead of the specially-formed plate G, with its. two uprights G G', recessed or'notched at g, I can use two plain screws set to the proper depth in' the upper sash to be engaged by the loop. Fig. 6 shows such a modication. Fig. 7 shows how the invention can be made 'available with only one such screw by modifying the form of the loop. In this and the form shown in Fig. 10 the tongue M is omitted and the space between the notched uprights is omitted. In other words, one upright properly notched serves. Although I terni this a loop and show it extending around, it can be made T-shaped and extending between two uprights corresponding to G', serving as two keepers. Fig. 9 shows such a T- shaped substitute. In this form, as in the others, the'pivoting of the lever is effected by the aid of pivotal projections cut by the dies from the sheet metal from which it is formed.

These are engaged in eyes formed upward in the lever and engaged therewith by being thrust from the interior outward. The engagement is eected in this form by bendingA the eyes upward instead of downward. The stout T shape at the other end of this form of loop is adapted to engage with two screws o1' analogous projections set in the upper sash.

Some of the novel features can be used without the whole. In nearly all the forms the loop engages under an overhanging keeper, so that the loop is held securely locked in position for eiiicient service until the lever E is operated to relax the tension. The invention may be used without such locking.

I claim as my inventionl. In a sash-fastener the lever E of sheet metal bent as shown, with trunnions formed integral, pivoted on the lower sash and the greatly-curved loop M of hard wire alfording much elasticity pivoted on such lever E in combination with each other and with akeeper G fixed on the upper sash, having recess g with which the loop is engaged, all substantially as herein specified.

2. In a sash-fastener the combination with two uprights G' G' projected from the upper sash having recess f, a loop M having theinwardly-projecting tongue M, and a leyer E pivotally mounted on the Lipper portion of the lower sash, all arranged and operated substantially as herein specified.

In testimony that I claim the invention above set forth I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FRED. H. WARD.

Witnesses:

THOMAS DREW S'rn'rsoN, M. F. BoYLn.

IOO 

